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ACCUSATIVE.Animate/Inanimate.Masc/Fem/Neut?


posts: 6
 
ArcticPaul
  May 8, 08, 09:52  #1

Rule= Masc, Animate
Add 'ego' to adjective/s, 'a' to noun/s.
Inanimate
NO change.
Feminine, Animate and Inanimate
Add 'ą' to adjective/s, 'ę' to noun/s
Neuter. Animate/ Inanimate
No change.

Example:
Proszę .................... [mała kawa] = fem/Inanimate.
Proszę małą kawę. (Please may I have a small coffee)
Because 'mała kawa' is fem I hook the 'a' of the adjective and and change the 'a' of the noun (kawa) into an 'ę'.

Example 2:
Proszę ............... [jedna mała pizza]= fem/inanimate.
Proszę jedną małą pizzę. (Please may I have one small pizza)
Jedna is a numeral so is treated as an adjective.

HELP:
Proszę ........... [jeden mały kurczak]= masc/animate.
Proszę jedenego małyego kurczaka.
??Am I being correct by simply adding 'ego' to the masc 'mały'??

Hints, tips and explanations welcome.
Dziękuję.

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Hiro
  May 8, 08, 10:21  #2

ArcticPaul:
Proszę jedenego małyego kurczaka.
??Am I being correct by simply adding 'ego' to the masc 'mały'??


Proszę jednego małego kurczaka.

No explanation this time - I'm running out of power :)

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Catz
  May 8, 08, 13:31  #3

You're correct, the "ye" just gets shortened into "e". I can't think off a Polish word, that would have "ye", "ya" or "yu".

More rules, for some less common nouns:
Masc, Animate:
add 'a' to nouns ending with a consonant, but 'ego' to nouns ending with '-y' or '-i', and 'ę' to most nouns ending with '-a'.

Feminine: No change for nouns ending with consonant, for nouns ending with '-a', change it into '-ę'.

examples:
młody uczony - młodego uczonego (Masc. Anim.)
szybki zombi - szybkiego zombiego (Masc. Anim.)
stary artysta - starego artystę (Masc. Anim.)
mała kość - małą kość (Fem.)
duża wieś - małą wieś (Fem.)

But these nouns are really less common, so your rules are quite accurate. I can also treat the masculine adjectives (I think all end with '-y' or '-i') as nouns ending with '-y' or '-i'.

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Krzysztof
Edited by: Krzysztof  May 8, 08, 19:23  #4

stary artysta - starego artystę (Masc. Anim.)
This pattern is common for masculin nouns with -a ending (usually -ista/-ysta, komunista, populista, dentysta etc., other like "poeta", they are mostly borrowed from Latin, but there are some Slavic too, like "mężczyzna"), they simply follow the feminine declension pattern.

młody uczony - młodego uczonego (Masc. Anim.)
This pattern applies to nouns that are in fact adjectives (for example spalony - offside, from the verb spalić), their declension follows the adjective pattern (also for female forms, for example: polskiej uczonej (Genitive, Dative, Locative), polską uczoną (Accusative, Instrumental)).

Sędzia (male, a judge) has a mixed declension.

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ArcticPaul
  May 9, 08, 07:27  #5

Duży żubr (Big Bison) [Masc. Anim.]
Jeden (One)

Jedenego (or do I drop the 'e' = Jednego?)
Dużyego (oe do I drop the 'y' = Dużego?)

Jednego Dużego Żubra?

Krzysztof:
This pattern applies to nouns that are in fact adjectives (for example spalony - offside, from the verb spalić)

???Because the particular adjective is being used as a noun???

Krzysztof:
Sędzia (male, a judge) has a mixed declension.

Example, please?
I'm unsure what you mean.

"Polanski...."
The '...ski' ending to a name turns it's usage into that of an adjective??

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Krzysztof
  May 9, 08, 19:26  #6

ArcticPaul:
Jednego?

ArcticPaul:
Dużego?)

Those are correct.
ArcticPaul:
Jednego Dużego Żubra?

right on spot


ArcticPaul:
Because the particular adjective is being used as a noun?

No, it simply is a noun :)
you have a verb (uczyć - to teach) from which you can create an adjective (technically it's participle, not adjective) "uczony" (taught), you can still use this form as a normal adjective, but it also became a noun (= a wise man, scientist). Still, being a noun it keeps the declension pattern of an adjective.

ArcticPaul:
Sędzia (male, a judge) has a mixed declension.Example, please?I'm unsure what you mean.

I meant some of the forms follow the pattern of male nouns ending in -a (so female declension pattern, for exapmle Narzędnik - Instrumental), but most forms follow adjective declension pattern.

Mian. sędzia
Dop. -dziego (-dzi),
Cel. -dziemu (-dzi),
Bier. -dziego (-dzię),
Narz. -dzią,
Miejsc. -dzi (-dzim)
Woł. -dzio;

Plural (regular declension)
Mian. -dziowie,
Dop./Bier. -dziów
Cel. -dziom
Narz. -dziami
Miejsc. -dziach

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