Perfective v Imperfective

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Edited by: scrivomcdivo Nov 12, 08, 15:42 #1

I am just reading through the below site to begin studying Polish grammar:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Polish/Basic_grammar

The site basically says that "Czytam" means "I read" whereas "Przeczytam" means "I will read." I am now confusing as to how to conjugate future tenses in Polish. Do you add a prefix to the verb, such as "prze" and then just conjugate the verb using the present tense endings or do the verb endings differ? What I am trying to say is, is there a different verb for future tenses than the verb used in the present tense?

I am really confused now!!!

EDIT
OK, so I've just found this site that now explains it
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Polish:Verbs

polishgirltx	Nov 12, 08, 18:01 #2
scrivomcdivo: I am really confused now!!! so don't read these stuff... ;)

osiolThreads: 59 Posts: 4,714 Joined: Jul 25, 07 ♂	Edited by: osiol Nov 12, 08, 18:06 #3
polishgirltx: these stuff This stuff. scrivomcdivo: Perfective v Imperfective We're taking bets on which one is going to win... or going to be winning.

polishgirltx	Nov 12, 08, 18:08 #4
osiol: This stuff. yeah...i was thinking about typing 'this'...

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Nov 24, 08, 04:52 #5

-- Adding a prefix (eg prze-) to an imperfective verb such as czytać in the present tense gives it a future meaning. There are no separate future endings in this case.
-- The future can also be formed with będę, będzie, etc. in which case the imperfective infitive czytać or past participial form czytał/czytała (depending on the speaker's gender) is used. Będę/będzie may not be used with perfective verbs.
-- There is a difference in meaning between przeczytam: very definite and determined: I WILL read a given book,. article, etc., whilst będę czytał/czytała (dependign on the speaker's gender) is more vague and indefinite (I will be reading, I'm going to read) and suggests some unspecified time in the future.

DerevonThreads: 12 Posts: 186 Joined: Oct 11, 09 ♂	Jan 2, 10, 18:33 #6
Jan 2, 10, 18:36 - Thread attached on merging: Perfective vs. Imperfective aspect What is the difference in meaning between: "zdawał sobie sprawę" and "zdał sobie sprawę"?

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Edited by: ShortHairThug Jan 2, 10, 18:42 #7

Derevon:

What is the difference in meaning between:

"zdawał sobie sprawę" and "zdał sobie sprawę"?

"zdawał sobie sprawę" meaning he knew what he was doing, or he was conscious, aware of his actions while "zdał sobie sprawę" means he had realized what he had done.
In the first case he is aware of what he is doing while he later becomes aware of his action and the consequence it brings in the second case.

DerevonThreads: 12 Posts: 186 Joined: Oct 11, 09 ♂	Jan 2, 10, 23:49 #8
So the first means like "was aware" and the second "became aware", right?

strzygaThreads: 4 Posts: 986 Joined: Apr 30, 08 ♀	Jan 3, 10, 02:54 #9
yes, that's right

chazaThreads: 49 Posts: 266 Joined: Dec 21, 09 ♂	Jan 3, 10, 13:13 #10
hi there hoew do you turn round something. if i say 'i will'. how do i say ' will you' thanks

strzygaThreads: 4 Posts: 986 Joined: Apr 30, 08 ♀	Jan 3, 10, 13:38 #11
I will - ja będę will you? - czy ty będziesz? you don't turn the words round. If you want to make a simple question (answered yes or no), just add "czy" at the beginning. On czyta. Czy on czyta? Ty idziesz. Czy ty idziesz?

chazaThreads: 49 Posts: 266 Joined: Dec 21, 09 ♂	Edited by: chaza Jan 3, 10, 14:02 #12
what about 'you will' is that ty będziesz

strzygaThreads: 4 Posts: 986 Joined: Apr 30, 08 ♀	Jan 3, 10, 14:08 #13
chaza: what about 'you will'is that ty będziesz yes

OmarThreads: 3 Posts: 11 Joined: Apr 27, 10 ♂	Apr 27, 10, 14:57 #14
Apr 27, 10, 18:27 - Thread attached on merging: imperfictive,perfictive hello everybody my name is Omar from morocco 9months I`m in poland I speak a few polish, I have question what is deffirence between imperfictive verbs and perfictive? dzienki

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Jul 4, 11, 20:36 #15

Merged: Past tenses - Imperfective / Perfective

Hi all

I'm new to this forum. I am learning Polish, have a reasonable understanding of the language and its grammar, but the past tense (perfective tense) is causing a headache.

Is it vital to learn 2 form of verbs - the imperfective and perfective forms? For example

I ate my dinner (didn't finish it) - Jadłem moj obiad.
I ate my dinner (finished it all) - Zjadłem moj obiad.

I read the newspaper (first two pages) -Czyałem gazeta
I read the newspaper (all the paper) - Przeczytałem gazeta

It's hard learning verbs and vobacularly, but any advice would be welcome!

Dziękuje bardzo

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Edited by: SzwedwPolsce Jul 4, 11, 21:00 #16

Chrzaszcz:

I read the newspaper (first two pages) -Czyałem gazeta
I read the newspaper (all the paper) - Przeczytałem gazeta

Czytałem gazetę.
Przeczytałem gazetę.

Czytać should be with accusative of the noun. (But it has nothing to do with perf/imp.).

Remember another rule:

Repeated actions are always imperfect (doesnt matter if they are finished or not).

E.g.
Często czytałem tę gazetę.

The good news:
The future tense is built on the same principles of perf./imp. as the past tense. So it will be easy.

catsoldierThreads: 90 Posts: 697 Joined: Sep 27, 09 ♂	Mar 3, 12, 16:04 #17
Can anyone tell me where I am going wrong here please? I have 2 perfectives and only one imperfective. iść, perfective chodzić, imperfective pójść, perfective Idę na zakupy. Chodziłem po górach. Pójdę ???????? What is the imperfective version?

strzygaThreads: 4 Posts: 986 Joined: Apr 30, 08 ♀	Mar 3, 12, 16:30 #18
catsoldier: Pójdę ????????What is the imperfective version? będę szedł and szedłem - past imperfective is "iść" really perfective? I don't think so. At the moment, I'm really confused. Tricky business.

gumishuThreads: 17 Posts: 3,943 Joined: Apr 6, 09 ♂	Mar 3, 12, 17:03 #19
catsoldier: is "iść" really perfective? I don't think so. At the moment, I'm really confused. Tricky business. no iść is clearly imperfective - actually pójść is a perfective from iść (it's a intergrown form of po+iść) - dojść and zajść have been created in the same manner

JonnyMThreads: 16 Posts: 4,487 Joined: Mar 9, 11 ♂	Mar 3, 12, 17:21 #20
catsoldier: Can anyone tell me where I am going wrong here please? I have 2 perfectives and only one imperfective. The perfective/imperfective rules don't really fit verbs of motion - the grammar is different.

catsoldierThreads: 90 Posts: 697 Joined: Sep 27, 09 ♂	Mar 3, 12, 17:25 #21
From what I can see iść is sometimes perfective http://www.wordreference.com/plen/chodzić and sometimes imperfective depending on what you are trying to say http://www.wordreference.com/plen/pójść

Lyzko	Mar 3, 12, 17:53 #22
"Dokąd idziesz?" = Where are you going? [...at this very moment] "Dokąd pójdziesz?" = Where are you going? [...in the future] "Szliśmy na spacer." = We went for a walk/stroll. [in general, a normal routine] "Poszliśmy na spacer. = We went for a walk/stroll. [once, at a specific time] At least this is how I'VE heard them used by native Polish speakers:-)

catsoldierThreads: 90 Posts: 697 Joined: Sep 27, 09 ♂	Edited by: catsoldier Mar 3, 12, 18:33 #23
I have a similiar problem now with: jechać, pojechać and jeździć JonnyM: The perfective/imperfective rules don't really fit verbs of motion - the grammar is different. This seems to be the case: Can I be bold and ask how the grammar is different? :-)

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Mar 3, 12, 18:44 #24

catsoldier:

jechać, pojechać and jeździć

jechać - be in the process of going (by vehicle) - so imperfective
pojechać - to get somewhere (by vehicle) - perfective (you see the po added to jechać so, any other preposition added would also yield a perfective (like zajechać, dojechać, najechać)
jeździć - this is the frequentative of jechać (meaning to go from time to time, to go regularly or repeatedly) - frequentatives of any verbs (be it perfective or imperfective) are imperfective (buuuuuuut a perfective form can be created of many frequentative forms by again simply adding a preposition (typically po- is a semantically neutrall preposition))

gumishuThreads: 17 Posts: 3,943 Joined: Apr 6, 09 ♂	Mar 3, 12, 19:15 #25
Jechał do Londynu. He was going to London. (was on his way) Pojechał do Londynu. He went to London. however when talking about future this is not so clearcut and you can say Jutro jadę do Dublina. I am going to Dublin tomorrow. Jutro pojadę do Dublina. is sort of over the top (although Jutro jadę is rather colloquial and Jutro pojadę is literary)

catsoldierThreads: 90 Posts: 697 Joined: Sep 27, 09 ♂	Mar 3, 12, 19:21 #26
Thanks everyone, this is going to take some serious thinking :-)

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