Quotes from Prolongation_of_a_visa_in_Poland.html
Mandatory Schengen visa prolongation
The period of validity of a visa issued or length of stay under said visa may be extended if the visa holder can prove that, due to unforeseen circumstances or for humanitarian reasons, he cannot leave the territory of the Member States before the expiry of the visa or before the end of the authorized period of stay.
Maybe your case qualified for those "unforeseen circumstances"?
Foreigners who wish to extend their stay under a visa must apply for a visa prolongation at least 3 days before the expiry of the authorised period of stay indicated in the visa.
But it was already too late at the time you wrote this.. I wonder how did you manage in this situation?